こくみん

こくみん
[国民] **nation
[the ~;集合的に;単数・複数扱い] 国民 《◆ people は文化的・社会的統一体を, nation は政治的統一体を強調する》∥ the British nation 英国国民 / The whole nation was [were] anxious for peace. 全国民が平和を切望していた / make an address to the nation 国民に向かって演説する.
**people
/píːpl/ 【C】《文》[単数・複数扱い]国民∥ the peoples of Europe ヨーロッパの諸国民 / The Japanese are a hardworking people. 日本人は勤勉な国民だ / win the hearts and minds of the people 国民の心をつかむ.
*citizen
【C】国民, 公民《◆本来 citizen は共和国の国民, subject は君主に従うものとしての国民. 「英国[日本]国民」は, 王[天皇]が実際上の権力を持たないので, a British [Japanese] citizen でよい》(⇔alien)∥ Many boat people have become citizens of the United States [American citizens]. 多くの漂流難民がアメリカ合衆国民になった.
*nationality
【C】国民, 国家;(一国家内の)民族(集団), 部族.
**subject
【C】臣民, (君主国の)国民《◆共和国の場合は citizen》;家来, 臣下∥ I am a British subject. 私はイギリスの一国民です.
**national
【C】[通例 ~s;修飾語句を伴って] (主に外国に居住する特定国の)国民, 市民;《正式》…国籍の人.
**country
[the ~;集合的に;単数扱い] 国民, 大衆∥ All the [The whole] country is opposed to war. 国民はみな戦争に反対だ.
¶→国民生活
¶→国民的遺産
¶→国民投票
¶→国民性
¶→国民総生産
¶→国民総所得
¶→国民感情
◇→国民の
国民
national
people
citizen
* * *
こくみん【国民】
**nation
[the ~;集合的に;単数・複数扱い] 国民 《◆ people は文化的・社会的統一体を, nation は政治的統一体を強調する》

the British nation 英国国民

The whole nation was [were] anxious for peace. 全国民が平和を切望していた

make an address to the nation 国民に向かって演説する.

**people
/píːpl/ 〖C〗《文》[単数・複数扱い]国民

the peoples of Europe ヨーロッパの諸国民

The Japanese are a hardworking people. 日本人は勤勉な国民だ

win the hearts and minds of the people 国民の心をつかむ.

*citizen
〖C〗国民, 公民《◆本来 citizen は共和国の国民, subject は君主に従うものとしての国民. 「英国[日本]国民」は, 王[天皇]が実際上の権力を持たないので, a British [Japanese] citizen でよい》(⇔alien)

Many boat people have become citizens of the United States [American citizens]. 多くの漂流難民がアメリカ合衆国民になった.

*nationality
〖C〗国民, 国家;(一国家内の)民族(集団), 部族.
**subject
〖C〗臣民, (君主国の)国民《◆共和国の場合は citizen》;家来, 臣下

I am a British subject. 私はイギリスの一国民です.

**national
〖C〗[通例 ~s;修飾語句を伴って] (主に外国に居住する特定国の)国民, 市民;《正式》…国籍の人.
**country
[the ~;集合的に;単数扱い] 国民, 大衆

All the [The whole] country is opposed to war. 国民はみな戦争に反対だ.

¶ → 国民性
◇ → 国民の
* * *
I
こくみん【国民】
〔国家の構成員全体〕 a people; a nation; a nationality; 〔国籍を有する個人〕 a citizen; a national; a member of a nation; (王国などの) a subject.

●一般の国民 an ordinary citizen; ordinary 《Japanese》 people; 〈集合的に〉 the general public; the ordinary citizen.

・国民不在の政治 politics that ignores the general public.

●余は常に国民とともにある. My concern is [feelings are] always with the people. | The citizen is always my concern.

・政府と国民との距離 the gap [distance] between the government and the people [citizen(s)]

・一国民として as a (single) citizen; as one member of the public.

●(議会を解散して)国民に信を問う appeal [go] to the country; seek the verdict of the people

・国民に背を向ける abandon the (interests of) the citizen; ignore the wishes of the public

・政治家の関心は国民に向いていない. The politicians are not interested in [don't care about] the ordinary citizen [people].

・主権は国民にある. Sovereignty [Sovereign power] resides in [with] the people.

国民の義務 a citizen's duty [obligation]; one's duty as a citizen

・国民の総意 (a) consensus among the people; a popular [national] consensus

・国民の期待を背負って with the hopes of the people on one's shoulders; amid popular expectation

・国民の声を聞く listen to (the voice of) the people [ordinary citizen]

・国民の士気を鼓舞する raise [bolster, improve] popular [national] morale

・国民の支持を得る obtain [get] popular support; be supported by the nation

・国民の立場に立って put oneself in the situation of the ordinary citizen; stand in the citizen's shoes

・国民のための政治 politics for (the benefit of) the people

・国民の要求に応える respond to popular demand; give citizens what they seek [want, require, demand]; meet the demands of the citizen

・それは国民の関心をさらった. It attracted national [popular] interest.

・事件の真相を国民の前に明らかにする make the true facts of the case public; tell the people what really happened

・国会議員は国民の代表である. Members of the Diet represent the people [public, citizen]. | Members of the Diet are representatives [delegates] of the people.

●彼のやったことは国民を欺くものだ. He cheated [deceived, betrayed] the nation [people]. | What he did was a betrayal of public trust.

・日本国民を代表して感謝の意を表明します. I should like to express my thanks on behalf of the Japanese people. | As the representative of the nation I hereby express my gratitude.

●日本人は勤勉な国民だといわれている. The Japanese have a reputation for being hardworking. | People say that the Japanese are an industrious people [nation].

・国民一人一人がもっと教育への意識を高めるべきである. The individual [Each (and every)] citizen should be more aware about education.

少国民 〔太平洋戦争中, 少年少女を呼んだ言い方〕 the children [young people] of the nation [Empire].
国民医薬品集 【薬】 the National Formulary.
国民医療費 national medical care expenditure; expenditure on [the cost of] national health care.
国民運動 a popular movement; a citizens' campaign.
国民栄養調査 a national nutrition survey.
国民外交 diplomacy by ordinary people [private citizens]; independent diplomacy at the citizen level.
国民皆年金(制度) a universal pension plan [scheme]; a nationwide comprehensive pension plan [scheme].
国民皆兵 ⇒こくみんかいへい.
国民皆保険(制度) a universal health insurance plan [system]; a nationwide comprehensive health insurance plan [system].
国民歌謡 a (universally) popular song; a song of national appeal.
国民感情 ⇒こくみんかんじょう.
国民休暇村 〔休暇村の旧称〕 a National Vacation Village.
国民休養地 a national resort area.
国民教育 national education; education for the people.
国民経済 a national economy; the economy of a country [nation, state]; 《strengthen》 the nation's economy.

●国民経済計算 national (economic) accounting; a (system of) national accounts. [⇒しんエス・エヌ・エー]

国民健康調査 a national [public] health survey.
国民公園 a National Garden.
国民国家 a nation-state.
国民死亡率 a national mortality rate; the 《Japanese》 mortality rate.
国民車 a people's car.
国民宿舎 a people's hotel [lodge, inn].
国民主権 《the principle of》 popular sovereignty; the sovereignty of the people.
国民純生産 【経】 a [the] net national product (略: NNP).
国民純福祉 【経】 net national welfare (略: NNW).
国民所得 ⇒こくみんしょとく.
国民審査 ⇒こくみんしんさ.
国民生活指標 the People's Life Indicators (略: PLI).
国民生産 a [the] national product.
国民精神 the national spirit; the spirit of the nation [people]; 〖G〗 the Volksgeist.
国民政党 a people's party.
国民全体 the whole nation; all the people.

●国民全体への奉仕者 a servant of the entire community [people as a whole, whole nation]

・国民全体の問題 a problem which affects everybody (in the country) [the whole country, every citizen].

国民葬 a (quasi-)national funeral; a public funeral.
国民総支出 【経】 gross national expenditure (略: GNE).
国民総需要 【経】 gross national demand (略: GND).
国民総所得 【経】 gross national income (略: GNI).
国民総生産 ⇒こくみんそうせいさん.
国民総背番号制 a taxpayer identification number system.
国民総福祉 【経】 gross national welfare (略: GNW).
国民体育大会 the National Athletic(s) Meet.
国民代表 a representative of the nation; the nation's representatives.
国民的 ⇒こくみんてき.
国民道徳 〔ある国民に固有の道徳〕 national morality; the morality of a nation; 〔国民として守るべき道徳〕 civic virtue; one's moral duty as a citizen.
国民病 a disease so prevalent as to harm the nation as a whole.
国民負担率 〔租税負担に社会保障負担を加えた合計金額の国民所得に対する比率〕 the ratio of taxes and social security premiums to gross national income.
国民文学 (a) national [patriotic] literature; a literature for the people.
国民保養温泉 a national health spa.
国民本位

●国民本位の政策 a citizen-oriented policy; policies which put the citizen first.

国民融和[和解] (a) national reconciliation; peace within a country.
II
こくみん【国民】
国民保護法制 legislation to protect people in case of a national emergency; national protection legislation.

Japanese-English dictionary. 2013.

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